History Vocab Question? Westward Expansion?
Westward strengthen meant that there might want to be an outstanding danger of competing in commerce with Britain and France as raw supplies might want to correctly be shipped to the factories for fabrication or production. with a view to flow the supplies there had to be an infrastructure of roads for shipping. Eastward strengthen replaced right into a danger if you could not make it interior the east might want to pass westward to get a sparkling commence. To inspire westward stream land expenses were decrease than an same sized section interior the east. because the westward stream persisted the rustic replaced into being crammed in to finish the ensue destiny
1. Which will win out, organic crops or GMO crops? I believe that one or the other will dominate the food industry one day. When will that day be, and why will that form win?
I've been hesitating to answer, but there's so much baloney (and half-baloney) in the other answers, I need to jump in.I answer this question as: How will GMO's and organic production increase/decrease in the future?First, the basic answer: GMO production will continue to grow, and more crops will continue to have GM traits incorporated into their breeding. At the same time, organic production will likely continue to grow due to the market demand for them. Both will continue to grow because they are defined categories, vs. the general practices we have now. GMOs have been driven by producers. "Organic" foods have been driven by consumers.More details:nOne, this is a false dichotomy, as many of mentioned. It depends on your definition of organic. Organic refers more to production practices, while GMOs refer to genetics. While you can not have USDA organic with GM crops, you can certainly practice what might be classified as organic techniques on GM crops. And what you definitely can have are non-GMO crops that are non-organic - this likely constitutes the majority of production in the world, with the exception of Africa. (A little known fact: Europe, by the way, sprays more pesticides and apply more fertilizers than the Americas, due to their subsidies.)GM crops continue to grow because they allow breeders access to many more tools for crop improvement. Certain traits can be developed much faster with GM as a tool, and some traits are even completely inaccessible without GM tools. This is largely driven by producers (farmers), who reap most of the value from GM traits. Consumer-driven traits are beginning to be marketed - it is not clear how successful these will be. High-oleic soybeans are the currently major consumer targeted GM trait. They've only been out for about a year (since 2013).The use of Bt (insect-resistant) traits definitely improves yields, especially when considering labour . The incredibly rapid adoption (including illegal seed trading) of Bt cotton in India and China is due to the improved yields (Measuring the contribution of Bt cotton adoption to India's cotton yields leap). The main instances where Bt does not improve yields? When you do not have access insecticides. Small-holder farmers have the least access to insecticides. You may also pick out specific examples where a specific Bt variety performed poorly compared to a non-Bt variety, but on the whole, yields have gone up. Herbicide-tolerance in contrast likely has not improved yields on a per acre basis, but the time savings are substantial, which must be considered in that economic analysis. Yield and reduced costs are the primary drivers for farmer adoption, so this will predictably continue. The lack of diversity is overblown. And let me be clear on this: I understand and have worked with diversity. I worked at a germplasm center, which promoted diversity. As my boss said, it's a two-edged sword. na) You do not prepare for diseases by planting a random assortment of diversity. You do so by planting resistant varieties. The probability of a randomly diverse set of lines having resistance to the next unknown epidemic is not much better than an elite variety. The probability of a randomly diverse set of lines yielding lower than an elite variety? Guaranteed. On the other hand, diversity in germplasm is critical for developing resistance. To summarize: Diversity is important for breeding, not necessarily for on the field farming (in situ). nb) GM crops do not reduce diversity per se. However, they likely have reduced diversity in the short term from a real world standpoint. This is due to the rapid adoption of early GM varieties, which tend to be built on a narrow germplasm. In the United States and Canada, GM traits have been integrated into a large diversity of elite lines, each of which are locally adapted. Regardless, the reduced diversity is driven by demand.nc) The greatest threat to diversity probably are not GM crops but elite varieties and hybrids. nd) The loss of historical landraces can be accounted for by proper cataloging, collection, and compensation (e.g. intellectual protection).ne) Similar arguments about diversity apply to "corporate control." Producers choose to allow it (though often reluctantly, via competition). GMOs, per se, have not increased corporate control, but the demand for their traits have lead to their overly rapid adoption, which has had negative consequences.As it stands, GMOs are unlikely to break through the production market in much of Europe. Africa also falls under European influence, and there is also a strong anti-GMO sentiment in Japan. The trend has clearly been against the adoption of GMOs in most of the countries in this region (with notable exceptions). Imports of GMOs into Europe will likely continue and probably grow. But drives to adopt crops for production have been scaled back. GMOs will continue to grow because producers demand it. "Feeding the world" has some relevance, but from an economic standpoint, it's a bit of a moot point. GMOs are not "needed" to feed the world, but nothing is needed if we consider it from that standpoint. There is not some "threshold" for feeding the world, in an hyper-rational economic sense. More simply, more production, all else equal, is a good thing. It's a(n unfortunate?) fact that rich people will likely continue to capture the majority of food production. Wealthier people demand meat, and will pay for it. There are demand non-food uses of crops and agriculture - feed, fuel (corn ethanol, wood), and fibre (cotton, lumber) - which cause less agriculture to be devoted for food. These costs are determined by the market, with their distortions, as they have always been. ..for millenia. Organic production will also likely continue to grow due to consumer demand and their perceptions about food production. Consumer spending on food is at an all time low (I would argue the major driver of improvements in cost of living in the developing and developed world over the past 50 years to 10 000 years has been due to reduced food costs). Many individuals can well afford to double their costs on organic production. Many more individuals will continue to choose the cheapest produce and food, which favours non-organic practices (with the possible exception of Europe).Organic practices, even if not "certified organic" can be adopted by GMO or conventional farmers. This is the great net positive, in my opinion of the organic movement. It's helped drive some out-of-the-box thinking about agricultural management. But it also means that anything that truly is superior about "organic" can be adopted by conventional farmers. So organic, by definition, can never be definitively superior (in the economic-efficiency sense) for capturing value for the farmer. Reality is different from what a lot of people think. Let's start with reality about the seed industry. See my answer here: Justin Ma's answer to What are common misconceptions about your field that non-specialists refuse to believe are not true?Which will win out, organic crops or GMO crops? I believe that one or the other will dominate the food industry one day. When will that day be, and why will that form win?Which will win out, organic crops or GMO crops?
2. does the US federal government regulate isopropynol this way?
Use Ethyl alcohol instead. Isopropynol can not be used for food products. Even 1-2% is considered toxic by the FDA. That's why you have to use the grain spirits (ethyl alcohol). The change of alcohols won;t make a difference on the ingredients. Production of the ingredients as well as the final product must be made under state and federal regulations as well.
3. breastfeeding, engorged breasts, bleeding nipple help :(?
If you are feeling some lumps then you may have a clogged duct or two, and if that's the case then it is *crucially* important that you keep the milk flowing through your breast to try to work the clog out so you do not get mastitis. You can look up some tips online about how to do this, such as warm compresses, massage, hand-expressing in a nice hot shower, pointing baby's chin toward the clog, etc. I know how awful it is to try to nurse with a cracked nipple, though. I got a cracked nipple when my son was a few weeks old and could not nurse him on that side or use my electric breast pump. So what I did was two things: 1) Kept the nipple slathered in lanolin with a breast shell to keep fabric away from it (I put a disposable nursing pad over the shell to absorb any milk that leaked), and 2) Either hand-expressed or used my manual breast pump to express just enough milk to keep from getting overly full. I found that I could be much gentler on my healing nipple either hand-expressing or using the manual pump, and between that and the "wet wound" healing it was healed up in about 2 days. Your milk supply wo not permanently drop off if you are ginger with one side for only a day or two. However, I was not exclusively nursing (could not due to medical issues), and if you are then you may just need to express as much as you can manage and trust the other side to up production to compensate. If your baby is very young still and you have not introduced bottles yet, you can feed your baby expressed milk with a syringe, dropper, a spoon, or a soft infant cup. To help prevent future cracking, put lanolin on your nipples after every feeding. Nursing pads are great for keeping it from staining your clothes, too.
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